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<p><a href="elma365-on-premises.html">BRIX On-Premises</a> > <a href="elma365-enterprise.html">BRIX On-Premises Enterprise</a> / Back up and recover databases with WAL-G and Rclone</p>
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<div class="topic__title"><h1 class="p_Heading1"><span class="f_Heading1">Back up and recover databases with WAL-G and Rclone</span></h1>
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<!-- Placeholder for topic body. -->
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<p class="p_Normal">You can configure BRIX data backup and recovery using the following programs:</p>
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<ul style="list-style-type:disc">
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<li class="p_Normal">WAL-G is a database backup and recovery utility that supports several DBMSs, including <a href="backup-and-recovery-with-wal-g-and-rclone.html#walg-pgsql" class="topiclink">PostgreSQL</a> and <a href="backup-and-recovery-with-wal-g-and-rclone.html#walg-mongo" class="topiclink">MongoDB</a>.<br />
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<br />
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It utilizes Continuous Archiving and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR) to provide reliable data archiving and recovery.<br />
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<br />
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WAL-G supports storing backups in various cloud storage services such as Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage, Azure Blob Storage, and others.</li></ul>
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<ul style="list-style-type:disc">
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<li class="p_Normal"><a href="backup-and-recovery-with-wal-g-and-rclone.html#rclone" class="topiclink">Rclone</a> is an open-source, multi-threaded, command-line content management program. It allows you to move data to the cloud and other storage services.</li></ul>
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<p class="p_Normal">This article describes how to back up and restore PostgreSQL 15 and MongoDB 6 in Ubuntu Linux 22.04.</p>
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<h2 class="p_Heading2"><a id="walg-pgsql" class="hmanchor"></a><span class="f_Heading2">Configure WAL-G for PostgreSQL</span></h2>
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<p class="p_Normal">With WAL-G you can:</p>
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<ul style="list-style-type:disc">
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<li class="p_Normal">Back up your data.</li><li class="p_Normal"><a href="backup-and-recovery-with-wal-g-and-rclone.html#psql-restore" class="topiclink">Restore data from a backup</a>.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="p_Heading3"><span class="f_Heading3">Backup for PostgreSQL</span></h3>
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<p class="p_Normal">Follow the steps below to back up your data using WAL-G:</p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman">
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<li value="1" class="p_Normal">First install WAL-G from the <a href="https://github.com/wal-g/wal-g" target="_blank" class="weblink">official GitHub repository</a>:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">wget https://github.com/wal-g/wal-g/releases/download/v3.0.5/wal-g-pg-ubuntu-22.04-amd64.tar.gz</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">tar -xzf wal-g-pg-ubuntu-22.04-amd64.tar.gz </span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">sudo mv wal-g-pg-ubuntu-22.04-amd64 /usr/local/bin/wal-g-pg</span></p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman" start="2">
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<li value="2" class="p_Normal">Configure environment variables to access the cloud storage. To do this, open the configuration file <code><b>/etc/postgresql/15/main/.walg.json</b></code> and add the following parameters:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">{</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"WALG_S3_PREFIX": "s3://elma365-backup/postgres",</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"AWS_ENDPOINT": "https://storage.yandexcloud.net"</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID": "<your-access-key-id>",</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY": "<your-secret-access-key>",</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"AWS_REGION": "us-east-1",</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"AWS_S3_FORCE_PATH_STYLE": "true",</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"WALG_COMPRESSION_METHOD": "brotli",</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"WALG_DELTA_MAX_STEPS": "6",</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"PGHOST": "/var/run/postgresql",</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"PGDATA": "/var/lib/postgresql/15/main",</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">"PGSSLMODE": "disable"</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">}</span></p>
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<p class="p_Normal" style="margin: 0 0 0 31px;">Where:</p>
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<ul style="list-style-type:disc">
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<li class="p_Normal"><code><b>WALG_S3_PREFIX</b></code> specifies the path to the S3 repository where backups and <span style="font-weight: bold;">.WAL</span> files (Write-Ahead Logs) will be stored.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>AWS_ENDPOINT</b></code> specifies the endpoint for the S3-compatible storage.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID</b></code> is the access Key ID for authentication to S3-compliant storage.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY</b></code> is the Secret Access Key for authentication in S3-compliant storage.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>AWS_REGION</b></code> is the region where the S3-compatible storage is located.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>AWS_S3_S3_FORCE_PATH_STYLE</b></code> indicates that the path style should be used to access S3 buckets.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>WALG_COMPRESSION_METHOD</b></code> is the compression method used for backups. In this case, the <code><b>Brotli</b></code> algorithm is used, which provides a good balance between compression ratio and speed.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>WALG_DELTA_MAX_STEPS</b></code> is the maximum number of steps (delta steps) that WAL-G can use for progressively larger (delta) backups. It allows you to save space by storing only changes between backups.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>PGHOST</b></code> specifies the path to the PostgreSQL socket through which WAL-G will connect to the database. It is used to execute commands that require a connection to PostgreSQL.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>PGDATA</b></code> is the path to the PostgreSQL data directory. WAL-G uses this parameter to determine where PostgreSQL data are stored for correct backup and recovery.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>PGSSLMODE</b></code> indicates that SSL/TLS encryption for connection to PostgreSQL is disabled. This can be useful for local connections where encryption is not required.</li></ul>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman" start="3">
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<li value="3" class="p_Normal">Change the file owner:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">chown postgres: /etc/postgresql/15/main/.walg.json</span></p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman" start="4">
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<li value="4" class="p_Normal">To use WAL-G, configure PostgreSQL to work with continuous archiving. To do this, open the configuration file <code><b>/etc/postgresql/15/main/postgresql.conf</b></code> and add the following parameters:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">archive_mode = on</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">archive_timeout = 600s</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">archive_command = '/usr/local/bin/wal-g-pg wal-push "%p" --config /etc/postgresql/15/main/.walg.json >> /var/log/postgresql/archive_command.log 2>&1'</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">wal_level = replica</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">restore_command = '/usr/local/bin/wal-g-pg wal-fetch "%f" "%p" --config /etc/postgresql/15/main/.walg.json >> /var/log/postgresql/restore_command.log 2>&1'</span></p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman" start="5">
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<li value="5" class="p_Normal">To create a full database backup, run the command:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">sudo -u postgres /usr/local/bin/wal-g-pg backup-push --config /etc/postgresql/15/main/.walg.json /var/lib/postgresql/15/main/</span></p>
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<h3 class="p_Heading3"><a id="psql-restore" class="hmanchor"></a><span class="f_Heading3">Data restore for PostgreSQL</span></h3>
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<p class="p_Normal"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Important</span>: restore from backup to an empty database. First, make sure you have a backup copy of the database you want to delete. Only then proceed with deletion. Read more about preparing for restoration in the <a href="postgresql.html#prepare-to-restore" class="topiclink">PostgreSQL</a> article.</p>
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<p class="p_Normal">To restore a database from a backup using WAL-G, do the following:</p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman">
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<li value="1" class="p_Normal">Stop PostgreSQL if it is running:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">sudo systemctl stop postgresql</span></p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman">
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<li value="2" class="p_Normal">Move or delete the contents of the <code><b>/var/lib/postgresql/15/main</b></code> directory:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">sudo mv /var/lib/postgresql/15/main /var/lib/postgresql/15/main_old</span></p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman">
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<li value="3" class="p_Normal">Create an empty directory for recovery:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">sudo mkdir /var/lib/postgresql/15/main</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">sudo chown postgres:postgres /var/lib/postgresql/15/main</span></p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman">
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<li value="4" class="p_Normal">To view the list of database backups, run the command:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">sudo -u postgres /usr/local/bin/wal-g-pg backup-list --config /etc/postgresql/15/main/.walg.json</span></p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman">
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<li value="5" class="p_Normal">Run the restore command:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">sudo -u postgres /usr/local/bin/wal-g-pg backup-fetch /var/lib/postgresql/15/main LATEST --config /etc/postgresql/15/main/.walg.json</span></p>
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<p class="p_Normal" style="margin: 0 0 0 24px;">Here <code><b>LATEST</b></code> points to the last backup. You can also enter the name of the desired backup obtained from the list in the previous step, for example: <span style="font-weight: bold;">base_000000000100000000000000000000000000000009</span>.</p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman">
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<li value="6" class="p_Normal">Start PostgreSQL:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">sudo systemctl start postgresql</span></p>
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<h2 class="p_Heading2"><a id="walg-mongo" class="hmanchor"></a><span class="f_Heading2">Configure WAL-G for MongoDB</span></h2>
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<p class="p_Normal">With WAL-G you can:</p>
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<ul style="list-style-type:disc">
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<li class="p_Normal">Back up your data.</li><li class="p_Normal"><a href="backup-and-recovery-with-wal-g-and-rclone.html#mongo-restore" class="topiclink">Restore data from a backup</a>.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="p_Heading3"><span class="f_Heading3">Backup for MongoDB</span></h3>
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<p class="p_Normal">To back up your data using WAL-G, follow these steps:</p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman">
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<li value="1" class="p_Normal">Pre-install WAL-G from the <a href="https://github.com/wal-g/wal-g" target="_blank" class="weblink">official GitHub repository</a>:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">wget https://github.com/wal-g/wal-g/releases/download/v3.0.5/wal-g-mongo-ubuntu-22.04-amd64.tar.gz</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">tar -xzf wal-g-mongo-ubuntu-22.04-amd64.tar.gz</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">sudo mv wal-g-mongo-ubuntu-22.04-amd64 /usr/local/bin/wal-g-mongo</span></p>
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<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman" start="2">
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<li value="2" class="p_Normal">Configure environment variables to access the cloud storage. Open the configuration file <code><b>/home/user/.walg.json</b></code> and add the following parameters:</li></ol>
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<p class="p_CodeExample" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">{</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">“WALG_S3_PREFIX": ‘s3://elma365-backup/mongo’,</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">“AWS_ENDPOINT": ‘https://storage.yandexcloud.net’,</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">“AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID": ‘<your-access-key-id>’,</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">“AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY“:”<your-secret-access-key>”,</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">“AWS_REGION": ‘us-east-1’,</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">“AWS_S3_FORCE_PATH_STYLE": ‘true’,</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">“WALG_COMPRESSION_METHOD": ‘brotli’,</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">“MONGODB_URI": ‘mongodb://superuser:SecretPassword@mongodb-server.your_domain:27017/?authSource=admin&connect=direct&socketTimeoutMS=60000&connectTimeoutMS=10000’</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">“WALG_STREAM_CREATE_COMMAND“: ‘mongodump --archive --oplog --uri=’mongodb://superuser:SecretPassword@mongodb-server.your_domain:27017/?authSource=admin&connectTimeoutMS=10000'”</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">“WALG_STREAM_RESTORE_COMMAND": ‘mongorestore --archive --oplogReplay --uri=’mongodb://superuser:SecretPassword@mongodb-server.your_domain:27017/?authSource=admin&connectTimeoutMS=10000'”</span><br />
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<span class="f_CodeExample">}</span></p>
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<p class="p_Normal" style="margin: 0 0 0 32px;">Where:</p>
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<ul style="list-style-type:disc">
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<li class="p_Normal"><code><b>WALG_S3_PREFIX</b></code> specifies the path to S3 where the backups and <span style="font-weight: bold;">.WAL</span> files (Write-Ahead Logs) will be stored.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>AWS_ENDPOINT</b></code> specifies the endpoint for S3-compatible storage.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID</b></code> access Key ID for authentication to S3-compliant storage.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY</b></code> is the secret Access Key for authentication in S3-compliant storage.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>AWS_REGION</b></code> is the region where the S3-compatible storage is located.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>AWS_S3_S3_FORCE_PATH_STYLE</b></code> indicates that the path style should be used to access S3 buckets.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>WALG_COMPRESSION_METHOD</b></code> is the compression method used for backups. In this case, the <code><b>Brotli</b></code> algorithm is used, which provides a good balance between compression ratio and speed.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>MONGODB_URI</b></code> is the URI to connect to MongoDB.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>WALG_STREAM_CREATE_COMMAND</b></code> is the command used by WAL-G to back up MongoDB.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>ALG_STREAM_RESTORE_COMMAND</b></code> is the command used by the WAL-G to restore a MongoDB backup.</li></ul>
|
||
<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman" start="3">
|
||
<li value="3" class="p_Normal">To create a full database backup, run the command:</li></ol>
|
||
<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">/usr/local/bin/wal-g-mongo backup-push --config /home/user/.walg.json</span></p>
|
||
<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman" start="4">
|
||
<li value="4" class="p_Normal">To view the list of database backups, run the command:</li></ol>
|
||
<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">/usr/local/bin/wal-g-mongo backup-list --config /home/user/.walg.json</span></p>
|
||
<h3 class="p_Heading3"><a id="mongo-restore" class="hmanchor"></a><span class="f_Heading3">Data restore for MongoDB</span></h3>
|
||
<p class="p_Normal"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Important</span>: restore from backup to an empty database. First, make sure you have a backup of the database you want to delete. Only then proceed with deletion. Read more about preparing for restoration in the <a href="mongodb.html#prepare-to-restore" class="topiclink">MongoDB</a> article.</p>
|
||
<p class="p_Normal">To restore a database from a backup, run the command:</p>
|
||
<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">/usr/local/bin/wal-g-mongo backup-fetch LATEST --config /home/user/.walg.json</span></p>
|
||
<p class="p_Normal">Here <code><b>LATEST</b></code> indicates the last backup. You can also specify the name of the desired backup obtained from the list in the previous step, for example: <span style="font-weight: bold;">stream_20250214T093724Z</span>.</p>
|
||
<h2 class="p_Heading2"><a id="rclone" class="hmanchor"></a><span class="f_Heading2">Configure Rclone</span></h2>
|
||
<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman">
|
||
<li value="1" class="p_Normal">Install Rclone using the command:</li></ol>
|
||
<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">sudo -v ; curl https://rclone.org/install.sh | sudo bash</span></p>
|
||
<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman" start="2">
|
||
<li value="2" class="p_Normal">Configure Rclone to work with S3:</li></ol>
|
||
<ol style="list-style-type:decimal">
|
||
<li value="1" class="p_Normal">To configure the new S3 storage, run the command:</li></ol>
|
||
<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">rclone config</span></p>
|
||
<ol style="list-style-type:decimal" start="2">
|
||
<li value="2" class="p_Normal">In the opened window, select the <span style="font-weight: bold;">n</span> option to create a new storage.</li><li value="3" class="p_Normal">Enter a name for your storage. For example <span style="font-weight: bold;">source-s3</span> for the source repository and <span style="font-weight: bold;">backup-s3</span> for the target repository.</li><li value="4" class="p_Normal">Select the <span style="font-weight: bold;">s3 </span>storage type.</li><li value="5" class="p_Normal">Select the <span style="font-weight: bold;">Other </span>provider.</li><li value="6" class="p_Normal">Enter the access parameters for your s3 storage:</li></ol>
|
||
<ul style="list-style-type:disc">
|
||
<li class="p_Normal"><code><b>access_key_id</b></code> is your access key identifier.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>secret_access_key</b></code> is your secret key.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>region</b></code> is the region of your S3 storage.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>endpoint</b></code> specifies the access point of your S3 storage.</li></ul>
|
||
<ol style="list-style-type:decimal" start="7">
|
||
<li value="7" class="p_Normal">Repeat the steps to configure the second S3 storage.</li></ol>
|
||
<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman" start="3">
|
||
<li value="3" class="p_Normal">Copy data from one S3 storage to another using the <code><b>rclone copy</b></code> command:</li></ol>
|
||
<p class="p_CodeExample" style="white-space: normal; page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_CodeExample">rclone copy source-s3:bucket-name/path backup-s3:backup-bucket-name/path -v --ignore-errors --fast-list --checksum</span></p>
|
||
<p class="p_Normal" style="margin: 0 0 0 23px;">Where:</p>
|
||
<ul style="list-style-type:disc">
|
||
<li class="p_Normal"><code><b>source-s3</b></code> is the name of the remote storage configured for source S3.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>bucket-name/path</b></code> is the bucket name and path to the data in the source storage.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>backup-s3</b></code> is the name of remote storage configured for target S3.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>backup-bucket-name/path</b></code> is the bucket name and path for the backup in the target storage.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>-v</b></code> enables detailed output (verbose mode).</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>--ignore-errors</b></code> ignores errors occurring during command execution.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>--fast-list</b></code> speeds up the process of creating a list of files and directories, especially when working with cloud storage such as S3, Google Drive and others.</li><li class="p_Normal"><code><b>--checksum</b></code> enables checksum (hash) checking of files when copying or synchronizing. </li></ul>
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